Lluis Millet i Pages (1867-1941)

Works:

Instrumental music:
-Catalanesques (impressions – orchestral version – 1891)
-Catalanesques (impressions – piano version – 1891)
-Ègloga (orchestral version)
-Ègloga (cord quartet)

Choral music:
-Various works for chorus (specially):
-Jovenívola (for mixed chorus)
-El Cant de la Senyera (The song of the Catalan national flag), on a poem by J. Maragall – 1896
-Cap al tard (To the evening)
-Six harmonisations of popular melodies (specially):
-El cant dels ocells (The song of birds)
-La dama d’Aragó (The lady of Aragó)
-Els Segadors (The national Catalan hymn)

Religious music:
-Canticum amoris (motet)
-Pregaria de la Verge del Remei (Pray for the Remei virgin – for choir orchestra and org – 1900)
-Salve Regina Cataloniae (motet for choir and org – 1913)
-Cants espirituals per a ús del poble (Spiritual songs for people use – 1st series 21 songs -1915)
-Cants espirituals per a ús del poble (Spiritual songs for people use – 2nd series 15 songs) -1921

Voice and piano:
-14 Cançons (Songs – specially):
-Sempreviva (Houseleek – text by A. Guimerà)
-Flor de lliri rosa (Flower of rose lily)
-La Balalí (The Balalí)
-Sospirs (Sighs – text by J. Verdaguer)

Life:

Born in El Masnou (Maresme) near Barcelona April 18, 1867.
Being child, his family went to Barcelona because the insecurity caused by the third Carlist war (1872-1875).

The family wanted that Lluís were merchant, but his musical vocation was imposed, entering to the early age of thirteen years (1880) in the Conservatory of the Liceu of Barcelona (The Opera theatre of the city). In this institution he received the teachings of Miquel Font (piano) and Josep Rodoreda (harmony and composition) and further on he was also disciple of Felip Pedrell with who he studied composition and again piano with Carles G. Vidiella.

Very quick he oriented his activity toward the choir song and very young – to the seventeen years – (year 1883), hi is already conductor of the Chorus the “La Lira de Sant Cugat del Vallès”, complementing this work with daily interpretations in the Cafè Inglés of Barcelona, first as pianist and later as member of a trio with Josep Badia (violin), Lluís Pamies (harmonium) and himself at the piano. A year late he change to the Cafè Pelayo where he interprets the piano in a quartet formed by Ernesto Cioffi (violin), Josep Soler (violoncello), Lluís Pamies (harmonium).

These initial activities are the origin of his basic group of friends: Alió, Vidiella, Albéniz i Vives and with his colleagues of the Cafe Pelayo, he will found the Orfeó Català.

The Cafe Pelayo, as the “Els quatre gats” (other cafe with an active promotion of Art Nouveau ideas), was a very active intellectual meeting place, grouping a lot of famous artists of that time as: Àngel Guimerà, Pere Aldavert, Narcís Oller, Antoni Gaudí, Lluís Domènech i Montaner, Emili Vilanova, Carles Pirozzini, Serafí Pitarra, Josep Feliu i Codina, Joaquim Rubió i Ors and others.

At his twenty years, Millet had two basic interests, to got a solid musical training and the practice of his musical knowledge’s.

His vocation was developed simultaneously with the strong Catalanist impulse, together with the Art Nouveau Lluís Millet with the Orfeó Català banner development into the Catalonian culture.
In the year 1891, at his twenty-four years, he created jointly with Amadeu Vives the Orfeó Català, to who he will dedicate his life and that he elevated to the maximum level as interpreter and as institution, premiering and interpreting a huge quantity of choirs works of any type.
The year 1896 he is named professor of music, musical theory and vocal ensemble of the Escola Municipal de Música de Barcelona (Music Municipal School of Barcelona).
The next year, 1897, he created the “Capella de Sant Felip Neri” (Saint Philip Neri Chapel) in Barcelona of who he is named conductor.
In 1904 he created the the “Revista Musical Catalana – Butlletí de l’Orfeó Català” (Catalan musical magazine – Orfeó Català Bulletin), published until 1936, with a total of 390 numbers. That date represents a break for the Catalan culture, duly to the Spanish civil war and the political subsequent circumstances, prosecuted for a long time. The publication of that magazine will not be restarted until 1984.
Other activity actively promoted by Lluís Millet were the “Festes de la Música Catalana” (Catalan Music Festivals), started in 1904, with a total of nine festivals, until the year 1921.
These festivals contributed some two thousand melodies of songs and popular dances, at the same time some artists were rewarded as: Felip Pedrell (1904 and 05), Antoni Nicolau (1906, 07 and 16), Claudi Martinez Imbert (1910), Joan Manent (1914), Lluís Romeu (1916) and Kurt Schindler (1921).
Although his work as composer is not very dilated, it is composed by a considerable quantity of pieces, compositions or harmonisations of popular songs, – many of which choirs – that have been popularized extraordinarily and nowadays are part of the popular Catalan music.

Another very important aspect of his work, is the impulse that he gave to the religious popular song and the revaluation of the XVI century sacred polyphony.
Millet is an example of musical nationalism, evident in works as “El Cant de la Senyera” (The song in homage of the Catalonian national flag).
Millet is considered a brilliant representative of the Musical Modernisme (Art Nouveau). His enthusiasm by this style is manifested in his election of Lluís Domènech i Montaner as a architect to build the Palau de la Música Catalana, the Orfeó Català Music hall, building benedicted by the Cardinal Casañas the 9 February of 1908, with a musical program showing the Millet ideology and including:
“El Cant de la Senyera” (The Senyera -Catalan flag- song), as a representation of the identity.
“Els Xiquets de Valls” by Clavé, as a representation of the origins.
“La Mare de Déu” (The mother of God) of Nicolau, representing the present (1908).
“The Alleluia” by Händel, representing the universality.
“Els Segadors” (The Catalan hymn), as an element of national reaffirmation.
Millet was also the author of various writings on musical themes as articles in the Revista Musical Catalana, “El cant popular religiós” (The religious popular song – 1912), “De la cançó popular catalana” (On the popular Catalan song – 1917). His basic literary production was compiled the year 1917 in a book titled “Pel nostre ideal” (For our ideal).
Millet is dead the 7 December 1941 at 74 years.

Other Art Nouveau Catalan Musicians:

—Isaac ALBÉNIZ i Pascual—Enric GRANADOS i Campiña—Joan LAMOTE DE GRIGNON i Bocquet–Antoni Laporta i Astort–APEL·LES MESTRES i Oñós–Lluís MILLET i Pagès—Enric MORERA i Viura–Antoni NICOLAU i Parera–Jaume Pahissa i Jo–Felip Pedrell i Sabaté–Josep Ribas i Gabriel–Amadeu Vives i Roig